Hydrogen-FC

According to CAN Europe estimation, global hydrogen production is at around 45 million tons per year or 500 million cubic metres per year. Half of the global production is used in the manufacture of ammonia-based fertilisers and 1 % of global primary energy demand used for energy purposes. For example, U.S. demand for hydrogen currently is about 9 million tons per year and this always growth every year.

There are various of conventional hydrogen production, which are : Continue Reading »

Many kinds of energy sources which available in the nature but not all could be easy used by human being. We have to convert itself become one kind of energy which easy transport/distribute and used for widely applications. By research, we choose electric power as media for store energy and until nowdays electric power still become the mainly media for storing energy. Because the capability on storing energy and not available naturally, we can said the electric power as energy carier. We have to produce electric power by converting energy sources which available naturally, like using steam turbine, photovoltaic, wind turbine, etc. Continue Reading »

All of we know that world energy demand always continue increase and most of world energy needed are obtained by utilizising the fossil fuel. It OK, but we have to realize that the fossil resources is non-renewable energy so in the future it will spend off. Not just than reason, there bad impact to environmental because burning fossil fuel. Continue Reading »

The worldwide demand for hydrogen (H2) is ~50 million tons per year and growing rapidly. Hydrogen is used primarily for production of ammonia for fertilizer and conversion of heavy crude oils into cleaner liquid fuels. The international cooperation has effort to deliver H2 as a replacement fuel for transport vehicles. The future, we would like use hydrogen as fuel for transport vehicles than gasoline/diesel oil/natural gas as fuel. Continue Reading »

Not Emitted Damaged Emission (Zero Emission)

A fuel cell system just only emitted water vapour when used pure hydrogen as fuel. Otherwise, when using hydrogen from hydrocarbon reforming (like: coal, natural gas, etc), we still need conduct the emission testing to determine a system have zero emission category. According to standard that released by United Technologies Corporation (UTC) on 2002, a fuel cell system categorized as zero emission technology when just emitted smallest air pollutants, and bellow showing the parameter:

NOx ≤ 1 ppm

SO2 ≤ 1 ppm

CO2 ≤ 2 ppm

The table show the air pollution which emitted by some type of fuel cells. Note: PEM (Polymer Electrolyte Membrane), PAFC (Posporic Acid Fuel Cell), SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell), MCFC (Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell). Continue Reading »

Barier on Hydrogen Fuel

Hydrogen difficult to be produced and saved in storage media. Nowdays, hydrogen production methods are very expensive dan need a lot of energy (which mean: hydrogen production has less efficiency ). To overcome this barier, many industries used hydrocarbon reforming technology to produce hydrogen from hydrocarbon. This way choose just on transition era, before we reach hydrogen era where hydrogen can take from efficient water electrolysis methods. Continue Reading »

Flammability range of gas could be defined in term of its lower flammability limit (LFL) and upper flammability limit (UFL). The LFL of a gas is the lower gas concentration that still support a self-propagating flame when mixed with air and ignited. Below the LFL, there is not enough fuel to support the combustion reaction. The UFL of a gas is the upper gas concentration that still support a self-propagating flame when mixed with air and ignited. Above the UFL, there is not enough oxygen to support the combustion reaction. Continue Reading »